SBEM Calculations
SBEM Calculations & EPCs – Overview for Building Regulations Compliance
The Simplified Building Energy Model (SBEM) is the UK Government’s approved methodology for assessing the energy performance of non-domestic buildings. It is used to demonstrate compliance with Part L of the Building Regulations and to produce Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) for commercial properties.
What is an SBEM Calculation?
An SBEM calculation evaluates the energy use and carbon emissions of a building based on its design, systems, and intended use. Key inputs include:
- Building geometry and zoning
- Construction elements and thermal performance (U-values)
- HVAC systems (heating, cooling, and ventilation)
- Lighting design and controls
- Hot water systems
- Renewable and low-carbon technologies
From this data, SBEM generates key performance metrics such as:
- Building Emission Rate (BER)
- Target Emission Rate (TER)
- Building Primary Energy Rate (BPER)
- Target Primary Energy Rate (TPER)
To achieve compliance, the proposed building must perform equal to or better than a notional building defined by the regulations.
Stages of the SBEM Process
1) Design Stage (SBEM Assessment)
At the design phase, an SBEM calculation is carried out using proposed drawings and specifications. This stage is used to:
At the design phase, an SBEM calculation is carried out using proposed drawings and specifications. This stage is used to:
- Demonstrate compliance with Part L
- Identify opportunities to improve energy performance
- Inform design decisions around fabric, services, and systems
A Building Regulations compliance report is produced and submitted to Building Control.
2) As-Built Stage (Final SBEM & EPC)
Following construction, the SBEM model is updated to reflect the “as-built” building. This includes:
- Confirmed construction details
- Installed building services
- Commissioning data where applicable
The final SBEM calculation is then used to generate the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).
Do I need an SBEM?
From April 2006, all new-build structures for commercial purposes, and some extensions, require an SBEM calculation, in accordance with Part L Regulations.
Why It Matters
SBEM and EPC assessments play a critical role in ensuring that non-domestic buildings:
- Meet minimum energy efficiency standards
- Reduce operational carbon emissions
- Deliver lower running costs
- Align with wider sustainability and net zero objectives
Our Approach
We provide comprehensive SBEM and EPC services, supporting projects from early design through to completion. By engaging early, we help optimise building performance, avoid costly redesign, and ensure a smooth and compliant route to certification.
What does it involve?
The energy efficiency and carbon emissions figures of the proposed building are calculated, based on supplied plans and specification details. There are 2 stages to an SBEM calculation:
Stage 1 - design stage
Your Inspector will require the SBEM report along with your Building Control Application. It is vitally important to go through this procedure at design stage to ensure what you are building on site will comply with the Building Regulations on completion. Getting it wrong early on can cost a lot more later!
Stage 2 - As-Built Stage (Final SBEM & EPC)
Following construction, the SBEM model is updated to reflect the “as-built” building. This includes:
- Confirmed construction details
- Installed building services
- Commissioning data where applicable
The final SBEM calculation is then used to generate the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).